Early 56Ni decay γ rays from
SN2014J suggest an unusual explosion
"SN 2014J is a type Ia supernova. Type Ia supernovas occur in binary systems with two stars in orbits so close that the stars exchange mass. As the more massive star of the pair ages it evolves into a white dwarf, a star that is the size of Earth but has up to 1.4 times the mass of the sun. The companion star's outer envelope gets pulled to the tiny, but very dense, dwarf's surface.
Over time, the gas piles up on the white dwarf until enough pressure and heat build up and ignite fusion reactions. The hydrogen becomes helium, and then the helium goes through the "triple alpha" process, fusing into carbon and oxygen. Since the fusion is happening very quickly and the gravity of the white dwarf is so large, there's not enough time for the gas to expand and the stuff on the white dwarf surface explodes. The explosion is so powerful that it disrupts the white dwarf's interior, obliterating it and seeding the rest of the universe with heavy elements.
What the Max Planck team saw was a gamma-ray signature of nickel-56, a radioactive isotope of the metal that emits gamma rays as it decays into cobalt-56. It has a half-life of only about six days, but the gamma rays were still visible 15 days after the supernova blew up.
"We were observing it and after about three weeks most of nickel-56 would have decayed," said Roland Diehl, lead author of the study. "The nickel-56 would be cobalt. But we saw the gamma-ray line… Some of our colleagues said that can't be true."
Alternate theories
* The spectral line was also narrow and sharp, when it should have been wider and more diffuse – the result of moving toward the observers along the line of sight in the wake of the explosion. The blast should have also been relatively symmetrical. But it wasn't.
That led Diehl and his colleagues to think there had to be a "belt" of helium around the white dwarf's equator, which would account for the supernova's shape. Seeing the nickel could be explained if the view was pole-on, so that the helium fusing into other elements such as carbon and oxygen wouldn't block the light from the nickel.
The hypotheses in Diehl's study also depend on the accretion of mass being relatively fast. Too slow and the white dwarf turns into either a more massive dwarf or a neutron star. On top of that, any gas that reaches the surface of a white dwarf tends to "flatten out" and cover the surface evenly because the gravity is so strong.
* The other possibility is a helium white dwarf, orbiting close enough to a companion white dwarf that it nearly grazes it.
* The nickel is important, because it shows the disruption at the center of the white dwarf, evidence for a "double detonation" model. In that scenario, the explosive fusion of the helium on the white dwarf surface produces a kind of focused shockwave that triggers yet other fusion reactions inside the dwarf, leading to the production of radioactive nickel.
"It's really forced us to revisit the old models," Ramirez-Ruiz said." Yahoo
So in other words.....you guys don't really know what is going on. So was it a belt of helium around it, the double penetration model or was it grazed? So why should I believe you about something you claimed happened 14,000,000,000 years ago the supposedly resulted in a big-bang?
How 'bout.....this ALTERNATE THEORY?...........
......he made the stars also.
Genesis 1:16