The active particles consume energy from the environment and drive themselves far from equilibrium.
Living matter provides an uncountable amount of examples of active particles systems.
They observed the formation of conventional gaseous, liquid, and solid phases, but also a new state of active matter — a swirlonic state.
This novel state displayed a stunning behavior whereby instead of moving with acceleration, groups of quasiparticles moved with a constant velocity, proportional to the applied force and in the same direction of the force. This conduct seemingly violates the Second Newton’s Law.
“We were completely baffled to witness how these quasiparticles swirl within active matter, behaving like individual super-particles with surprising properties including not moving with acceleration when force is applied, and coalescing upon collision to form swirlons of a larger mass,” Professor Brilliantov said.
“What we know to date is so much less than what there is to know.”
And though I ...
understand all mysteries, and all knowledge; ...and have not charity, I am
nothing. 1 Corinthians 13:2