Male and female created he them... Genesis 5:2
".......... a team of geneticists from the United States, China and Europe were able to study the male Y chromosomes from three Neanderthals and two Denisovans.
Given the dates scientists claim Neanderthals and Denisovans lived,  |
Blue is boys chromosome (Y) Pink is girls (X)
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from 400,000 to 40,000 Darwin-years ago, one would expect evidence for the shrinking Y chromosome prediction. Yet as far as we can tell, in 400,000 to 40,000 Darwin years, the Y chromosome has not changed one iota in length.
The Y chromosome is used in all primates, most mammals, and even in some insects and plants, to produce males.The assumption that the Y chromosome will disappear is based on the theory that it originally evolved from a much larger autosome chromosome. The evolution of the sex chromosomes from the autosome chromosomes is postulated largely because evolutionists cannot figure how else the sex chromosomes could possibly have originated.
The 2020 study by Petr, et al. did not focus on the length of the Y chromosome, but rather on comparisons of Neanderthals and modern humans. Nonetheless, they did not find evidence that the 400,000 to 40,000 Darwin-years-old Neanderthal and Denisovan Y chromosomes were significantly longer than those of modern man, which would be expected if the Y chromosome was shrinking.
The researchers wrongly predicted that Neanderthal Y chromosomes would still have the primitive DNA and “will therefore be more similar to Denisovans than to modern humans.” What was found waslike maternally inherited mtDNA, modern human and Neanderthal Y chromosomes were more related to each other than to the Denisovan Y…. all but the earliest Neanderthal mtDNA samples are far more similar to those of modern humans than to those from Denisovans.
[Ancient] nuclear and mtDNA sequences revealed phylogenetic discrepancies between the three groups that are hard to explain”
Hard to explain, that is, by evolution. But the data make sense given what we know about mutations.
Mutations are widely recognized as a major cause of many diseases, including cancer and heart disease. An estimated 99.9% of all
mutations are, in the long run, harmful. In a review of the mechanisms that drive genetic degeneration, Charlesworth and Charlesworth concluded that “most mutations with observable phenotypic effects are deleterious.” Estimates vary greatly, but generally, around one new mutation occurs in “each round of cell division, even in cells with unimpaired DNA repair and in the absence of external mutagens.”
As a result, for germ-line mutations, “every child is born with an estimated 100 to 200 new mutations that were not present in the parents.” Cornell University Professor John Sanford puts the number of point mutations at about 200 in each generation, and for all new mutation types the number is closer to 1,000 in each generation. Given this data, the fact that some intact DNA strands still exist in the Y chromosome is evidence that they are not nearly as old as claimed."
Jerry Bergman/CEH
