some innovative inferences, “Descent” is often problematic, prejudiced, and injurious. Darwin thought he was relying on data, objectivity, and scientific thinking in describing human evolutionary outcomes. But for much of the book, he was not. “Descent,” like so many of the scientific tomes of Darwin’s day, offers a racist .... view of humanity.
Furthermore, Fuentes adds “Darwin portrayed Indigenous peoples of the Americas and Australia as less than Europeans in capacity and behavior. Peoples of the African continent were consistently referred to as cognitively depauperate, less capable, and of a lower rank than other races.” Fuentes concludes that Darwin baselessly
asserted evolutionary differences between races. He went beyond simple racial rankings, offering justification of empire and colonialism, and genocide, through “survival of the fittest.” …... But Darwin’s racist and sexist beliefs, echoing the views of scientific colleagues and his society, were powerful mediators of his perception of reality.
One example of sexism is Darwin having written that women were at a “lower level of development” than men, due to an “earlier arrest of individual evolution” in human females. Because they had smaller brains, Darwin and other evolutionists believed women were “eternally primitive” and childlike, less spiritual, more materialistic, and “a real danger to contemporary civilization.” Darwin also listed historical proof that supported his view that
women were inferior to men. Ironically, Darwin’s daughter Henrietta was one of the main editors of Darwin’s Descent of Man. Some Darwin scholars speculate that Darwin’s original words were toned down by Henrietta when she edited the book. Darwin expressed the same racist ideas many times in his writings. An example is ‘the civilized races ….are now everywhere extending, their range, so as to take the place of the lower races,” which Darwin believed would eventually lose in the survival of the fittest struggle.” CEH